What is Geoprocessing and Geographic Information System?
Geoprocessing uses technology to geographically spatialize and compare information from various sources. Through layers of information that can be studied and analyzed, it allows a better understanding of how geographic factors impact daily and productive activities.
The geographic information system (GIS) is a system of hardware, software, spatial information, computational procedures and human resources that allows and facilitates the analysis, management or representation of space (landscape) and the phenomena that in it occur. With a GIS system it is possible to collect, store, retrieve, manipulate, view and analyze spatially referenced data in a known coordinate system. As results are generated maps or charts that can be physical maps (relief, climate, vegetation, hydrography, etc.);, political-administrative maps (territory, countries, states, cities, etc.) and thematic maps (specific elements or phenomena).
With a geographic information system you can:
- Interpretation and analysis of the physical and biotic environment: relief, hydrography, drainage, soil, slope, land use, topography, species distribution, location of occurrence, etc
.; - Interpretation and analysis of cadastral data: properties, rural and urban areas, protected areas, transportation system – logistics;
- Spatial analysis: neighborhood, overlap, surfaces, networks, direct relation, correlation, contiguity, connectivity, proximity;
- Various
analyzes analyses: classification, generalization, density, indices, multicriteria, statistics, geostatistics, trends.
Among the applications we can highlight:
- Geolocation and georeferencing;
- Route calculation (better, shorter, etc.);
- Area calculations (area, perimeter, volume, density, zoning, etc.);
- Land use and land cover, history of land use;
- Plant density index (NDVI, EVI, etc.);
- Compliance and compliance with Environmental Legislation (Areas of permanent preservation and legal reserve);
- Risk analysis (fire risk areas, buffer zone of protected areas and conservation units, erosion risk, etc.);
- Spatial distribution maps of soil attributes, parameters, frequency or any other quantitative information that has a spatial location by geostatistical methods. As examples: spatial distribution of soil physicochemical attributes, spatial distribution of rainfall, etc
.; - Online hosting of geographic information for consultation, visualization and / or editing of data via the internet (web mapping).
IBD has a variety of geoprocessing and geographic information system services and applications. Visit the link below to see the portfolio of products and services that IBD offers and learn more about IBD’s mapping and geoprocessing products and services.
